Air pollution and internal migration in Iran
The quality of the local environment can have a significant impact on residents’ decisions about whether to migrate to another part of the country. This column reports research showing that Iranian provinces with higher levels of air pollution experience increased net outmigration. Policy-makers seeking to reduce internal migration could focus more on environmental projects, addressing the factors that contribute to the degradation of air quality, particularly in the most polluted areas.
Experiencing the Iran-Iraq war: effects on later life views on defence
Iranians experienced a destructive eight-years war with Iraq between 1980 and 1988, which together with the Islamic Revolution resulted in significant economic costs. This column reports new research that examines individuals’ experiences of the Iran-Iraq war during early adulthood (18-25 years) and the impact on their preference for strong national defence forces.